Digital Mindfulness in Tourism: Insights from Australia and Strategies for Bhutan’s Nature-Based Experiences

Abstract

This paper examines the phenomenon of digital mindfulness in tourism and the role of technology in enhancing travel experiences. Drawing on insights from Noosa Heads, Australia, it proposes a Digital Mindfulness Index (DMI) for Bhutan’s nature-based tourism, guided by Gross National Happiness (GNH) principles to support sustainable, culturally sensitive, and technology-balanced experiences. It addresses the tension between digital technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the risks of technostress and cognitive overload. The study, conducted at Noosa Heads with 104 participants using qualitative semi-structured interviews, to investigate the effects of constant digital contact on tourists, assesses the demand for mindful technology, and explores strategies to integrate digital mindfulness into tourism activities. Findings indicate that while travellers appreciate technologies that enhance experiences, they also desire features that reduce distractions and stress. These insights are relevant to Bhutan, where GNH principles can inform mindful, ethical tourism practices that promote well-being, sustainability, and cultural preservation.